赛前备战阶段吉林省跳台滑雪运动员膳食调查与营养补充的研究

Study on Dietary Survey and Nutritional Supplement of Ski Jumpers in Jilin Province during Pre Competition Preparation Stage

在全国第十四届冬季运动跳台滑雪项目赛前备战阶段,对吉林省女子跳台滑雪运动员的膳食状况进行调查,结果发现:该省女子跳台滑雪运动员在备战初期每日膳食摄入总体情况不佳,每日膳食总供能量不足,三餐与加餐热量分配不合理,早餐摄入热量比例过低,加餐摄入热量比例过高;蛋白质供能所占比例较低,脂肪供能所占比例较高,部分矿物质与维生素摄入量不足。依据膳食调查结果,结合项目运动特征,为运动队推荐了每日膳食营养调整与补充方案:提高每日膳食总供能量;增加早餐热量供能比,降低加餐供能比;提高蛋白质供能比,降低脂肪供能比;通过膳食补充改善部分维生素与矿物质的摄入情况。在方案实施前后运动员跳跃水平的测试,结果表明科学制订膳食调整营养补充方案有利于跳台滑雪运动员赛前竞技状态的调整。

In the preparation stage of the 14th national winter sports ski jumping event, the dietary status of female ski jumpers in Jilin Province was investigated, and the results showed that: The daily dietary intake of female ski jumpers in Jilin Province is not good in the early stage of preparation. The total energy supply of daily meals is insufficient, the heat distribution between three meals and extra meals is unreasonable, the proportion of calories consumed in breakfast is too low, and the proportion of calories consumed in extra meals is too high;The proportion of protein energy supply is low, the proportion of fat energy supply is high, and the intake of some minerals and vitamins is insufficient. Based on the investigation of daily exercise and dietary characteristics, the team recommended daily exercise and dietary supplement;Increase the energy supply ratio of breakfast calories and reduce the energy supply ratio of meals;Increase the energy supply ratio of protein and reduce the energy supply ratio of fat;Improve the intake of some vitamins and minerals through dietary supplement. The test results of athletes’ jumping level before and after the implementation of the scheme show that the scientific formulation of dietary adjustment and nutritional supplement scheme is conducive to the adjustment of competitive state of ski jumpers before the competition.