蒙古国矿业政企混合型投资模式与协同发展困境

Government-Enterprise Mixed Model of Mongolia’s Mineral Investment and the Dilemma of Its Orchestrated Development

蒙古国推行“矿业兴国”战略以来,一度实行宽松的投资政策,采取了一系列措施吸引外资。欧洲大型能源企业凭借技术和资金优势,优先获得了蒙古国大型矿业项目的投资开发权,并与蒙古国政府建立了政企共同入股的混合型投资开发模式。在新自由主义语境下,是欧洲矿业企业通过签订投资合同强势地进入了蒙古国地方社会。由于矿产项目不均衡和大量避税等问题引起了政企之间的利益博弈和矛盾激化,双方纠纷通过企业妥协暂时得以解决。但蒙古国大型矿业项目的数年停产导致了社会经济发展缓慢等问题。

European capital flew massively into Mongolia by the signing of investment contracts under the context of neoliberalism.However,conflicts of interests intensified between the government and enterprises as a result of foreign enterprises’abuse of investment contracts,imbalanced distribution of interests from mining projects,and massive tax avoidance issues,etc.A series of problems,especially the slow progress in the development of Mongolia’s social economy,arose as the production has been suspended for a couple of years in despite of temporary resolution of their desputes through concessions from the enterprises.