《戚林八音》“遮同奇”初探

A Preliminary Study on the Annotation‘Zhe遮Pronounced as Ji奇’in Qi Lin Bayin《戚林八音》

《戚林八音》是一部代表约四百年前福州音的韵书。其中《戚参军八音字义便览》的三十六字母歌诀中既有“遮”韵目也有“奇”韵目,但说明中却说“遮同奇”。“奇”表示“不偶”,它的早期韵母读音当为;iai,在福州方言中;iai一般变为[ie]。不过,还有一些字滞留在;iai的阶段或变为[ia]。《戚参军八音字义便览》编者的口音里“奇”字的读音也处于这种复杂的演变过程当中。“遮同奇”乃是以这种情况为背景所加的注解。

Qi Lin Bayin《戚林八音》is the rhyme dictionary which records the phonological system of Fuzhou dialect about 400 years ago.The verse of 36 rhyme groups of its Qi Canjun Bayin Ziyi Bianlan《戚参军八音字义便览》contains Zhe遮rhyme,as well as Ji奇rhyme.The guide for this verse indicates that Zhe遮pronounced as Ji奇,however.Ji奇means ODD(or NOT EVEN)as to specify numeric parity.The pronunciation of rhyme Ji奇must be*iai at its early stage.Generally*iai developed to[ie]in Fuzhou dialect.However,some words which had*iai sometimes remained in the original*iai or developed to[ia]also.The pronunciation of Ji奇in the compiler of Qi Canjun Bayin Ziyi Bianlan was in the process of this complicated development.Zhe遮pronounced as Ji奇is the annotation which is based on such situation.