用数字化兜住模糊性事务:基层治理的技术赋能机制

Governing Ambiguity:A Technology-Enabling Mechanism for Urban Grassroots Affairs

随着社会治理成为基层政府的职责重心,复杂城市管理问题逐渐进入基层政府常规工作的范畴,需要基层政府承担兜底的精细化管理工作。技术治理成为基层减负增能的一种治理方案,旨在通过技术赋能的形式提高基层政府解决属地模糊性问题的能力。然而,目前基层开展的技术赋能创新普遍是通过自上而下“条条调动块块”的方式运作,与基层政府的精细化管理工作存在摩擦,造成基层模糊性事务治理存在缝隙。本文对A镇“一码通用”数字化治理创新的研究发现,基层政府构建的技术赋能方案,通过管理单元的数字化重构、任务模块与治理规则的数字化重建、治理资源的数字化整合和属事责任的数字化配置,构建了基层模糊性事务治理的数字化兜底机制,形成了自下而上的技术赋能模式。A镇的启示在于,随着数字化转型的深入和技术“管用”的要求愈加迫切,基层治理需要将两种不同轨道的数字化转型有机融合起来,通过条块协同构建治理绩效的衔接机制和工作平台。

As social governance becomes the center of China urban grassroots government functions,ambiguous urban governance issues are gradually being incorporated into the scope of grassroots government’s regular work,requiring the bottom-up fine management.Digital technology has become a solution for grassroots governments to reduce burdens and increase the capacity,aiming to solve ambiguous problems through technology enabling mechanism.However,the current technology-enabled innovations carried out at the grassroots level generally operate in a top-down manner,with higher levels of government achieving supervision and control of grassroots government through digital technology.This has led to gaps in the management of ambiguous problems,chaotic inter-governmental relations,disintegration of traditional governance mechanisms and administrative burdens.A case study of digital governance innovation in Shanghai found that the technology-enabled solution constructed by the grassroots government on its own strengthened its ability to manage ambiguous problems through the reconfiguration of management units,the reconstruction of task models and governance rules,the integration of governance resources and the construction of a responsibility system.This technology enabling mechanism has a new bottom-up character in contrast to the top-down model.The insight from the case study is that as the digital transformation of grassroots governance deepens and the need for technology to“work”becomes more urgent,there is a need to integrate the top-down and bottom-up models to build a collaborative performance and working platform between grassroots government and higher authorities.