基于多源数据的城市活力评价与空间关联性分析——以常州市主城区为例

Evaluation and Spatial Correlation Analysis of Urban Vitality Based on Muti-source Data:A Case of Changzhou,China

城市活力是城市可持续发展的保障,基于人口格网、夜间灯光、兴趣点和土地利用等数据,利用熵值法、空间句法和双变量空间自相关分析等方法开展常州市城市活力研究。研究发现:常州城市活力空间差异明显,活力总体上“中心高、外围低”并呈现沿规划发展轴向外延伸的趋势;全局来看,完善功能设施配置、提高局部可达性有助于吸引人的聚集活动、提升活力水平,提高全局可达性则可能会降低活力水平;局部来看,人的分布活动与空间功能设施存在一定的不匹配,部分城中村及老旧街区人口密集、活动强度大但功能设施配置不足,城区外围的小型商业、产业及居住活动中心的功能设施密度较大但服务的人口和范围有限。研究初步揭示了常州市不同维度活力的空间分布特征和相关关系,识别了人的分布活动与承载空间的匹配情况,可为常州市城市活力营造、资源配置和规划管理提供参考。

Urban vitality is the guarantee for urban sustainable development.This study quantitatively evaluated the vitality of Changzhou from two aspects of vitality representation and vitality composition by using methods such as entropy method,space syntax and bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis and data on population grid,points of interest and nighttime light.Then,the spatial distribution pattern of urban vitality and the spatial correlation between vitality representation and vitality composition were analyzed.The results showed that the vitality of Changzhou presents the single-center feature of‘high in the center and low in the surroundings’and extends outward along the planning development axis.In general,the blocks’POI density and local accessibility show significant positive correlation with vitality representation,while the global accessibility shows negative correlation with vitality representation.Improving the blocks’local accessibility and functional facilities density is beneficial for attracting human activities and promoting urban vitality,but improving the blocks’global accessibility by constructing regional roads may lead to the decline of vitality.In addition it can also be found that there is a partial mismatch between human activities and space function.On the one hand,some urban villages and old community with high intensity of human activities show insufficient function configuration.On the other hand,the small commercial,industrial and residential activity centers outside the inner ring have a high density of functional facilities but their service population and service scope are limited.In conclusion,this study reveals the spatial distribution and correlation characteristics of urban vitality in Changzhou city,and identifies the mismatch between human and space,which can provide reference for urban vitality construction,resource allocation and urban management.