基于“消费-产出”生态足迹的长江经济带耕地生态可持续性判别

Identification of Cultivated Land Ecological Sustainability Based on“Consumption-Output”Ecological Footprint in Yangtze River Economic Belt

以“国家公顷”均衡因子和产量因子为依据,分类核算“消费-产出”生态足迹账户,改进生态可持续指数和生态压力指数,研究长江经济带耕地生态可持续状况。结果表明:(1)“国家公顷”均衡因子和产量因子呈波动递减的态势,具有明显的时序和地域差异性;(2)粮食主产区耕地供给、需求和产出水平均较高,而长江下游经济发达或上游欠发达地区相反;(3)长江经济带各省份依托资源禀赋与功能定位,充分发挥农业发展比较优势,除上海和浙江经济活跃地区不可持续加剧,其余省份生态可持续程度持续向好,但耕地均处于超载利用状态,生态压力较大。耕地生态可持续发展需警惕因产量增加带来的可持续假象,注重和防范因耕地开发利用强度过大导致耕地质量下降、生态退化的现象。

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the“consumption-output”ecological footprint account according to the“national hectare”equilibrium factor and yield factor,and to study the ecological sustainable status of cultivated land in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on the improved ecological sustainability index and ecological pressure index.The results are shown as follows:(1)The equilibrium factor factor and yield factor of“national hectare”show a trend of fluctuation and decrease,with obvious temporal sequence and regional difference.(2)The demand,supply and output of cultivated land in major grain-producing areas are relatively high,while those in economically developed areas in the lower reaches or less developed areas in the upper reaches are on the contrary.(3)All provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt give full play to their comparative advantages in agricultural development depending on the resource endowment and function orientation,and the degree of ecological sustainability continues to improve,in addition to Shanghai and Zhejiang.However,the cultivated land is in the state of overloading and utilization,leading to the great ecological pressure.In conclusion,the sustainable development of cultivated land needs to pay attention to the sustainable illusion caused by the increase of production,and prevent the phenomenon of cultivated land quality decline and ecological degradation caused by excessive development and utilization intensity.