长江经济带生态系统服务与经济社会发展耦合协调关联时空特征研究

Study on Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Coupling Coordination Correlation Between Ecosystem Services and Economic-Social Development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

长江经济带是当前中国人地矛盾最为尖锐的地区之一。近些年来,长江经济带的快速发展对区域生态系统服务造成了较大的负面影响,深入了解生态系统服务与经济社会发展的时空演变过程及其耦合协调关系,对实现区域的可持续发展具有重要意义。在分析长江经济带经济社会发展与生态服务价值时空格局的基础上,剖析了两者耦合协调关系及其时空演变特征。研究结果表明:(1)1995~2015年间,长江经济带经济社会发展水平呈显著上升态势,生态系统服务价值虽整体变化幅度不大,但在2005年以后降幅明显,这与经济社会发展提速期保持一致。与此同时,长江经济带经济社会发展与生态系统服务价值间的耦合协调度整体呈上升态势,各省市耦合协调度变化具有明显的空间差异。(2)重庆、江苏、安徽和四川等省市在研究期内经济社会快速发展,但生态系统保护滞后于经济社会发展速度,使这四地由经济社会发展滞后型地区逐步步入生态系统服务滞后型之列,表明这些省市经济社会的快速发展在一定程度上损害了自然生态系统的服务功能。长江经济带内经济较发达的下游和中游省市面临经济社会发展与生态保护间的权衡难题,而经济欠发达的上游省市则面临着经济社会发展水平和生态保护的双重压力。

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the areas with the sharpest human-land conflict in China.In recent years,the rapid development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has caused a great negative impact on regional ecosystem services.It is of great significance to realize the sustainable development of the region to deeply understand the spatio-temporal evolution process and coupling coordination between ecosystem services and economic-social development.Based on the analysis of the spatio-temporal pattern of economic-social development and ecosystem service value in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the study analyzed the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination between them.The results show that:(1)From 1995 to 2015,the level of economic-social development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a significant upward trend,and the ecosystem service value declined significantly after 2005,which was consistent with the acceleration period of economic-social development.At the same time,the coupling coordination degree between economic-social development and ecosystem service value in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an overall upward trend,and there are significant spatial differences in the coupling coordination degree among provinces.(2)Chongqing,Jiangsu,Anhui and Sichuan experienced rapid economic-social development during the study period,but ecosystem protection lagged behind the economic-social development,which made them from the backward areas of economic-social development to the backward areas of ecosystem services at the end of the study.It shows that these provinces have damaged the capacity of natural ecosystem to some extent with the rapid economic-social development.The economically developed provinces in the middle and downstream of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are faced with the problem of how to coordinate the relationship between social development and ecological protection,while the economically less developed provinces in the upstream of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are faced with the dual pressure of improving the level of economic-social development and ecological protection.