我国孕产妇分娩镇痛选择意愿及影响因素研究

Study on the Willingness and Influencing Factors of Labor Analgesia among Pregnant Women in China

目的分析我国孕产妇分娩镇痛选择意愿的现状以及影响因素。方法通过问卷星对选择分娩镇痛的试点医院孕产妇分娩意愿进行网络问卷调查,采用描述性统计、logistic回归分析以及变量的中介效应分析。结果孕产妇了解分娩镇痛的途径主要是住院后医护人员介绍、亲朋好友推荐、网络信息渠道。96%的孕产妇表示下次分娩依然选择分娩镇痛,主要原因是减轻分娩疼痛和分娩恐惧。4%的孕产妇不选择的原因是不了解、安全性担忧、疼痛缓解效果欠佳。未发现家庭居住地、月收入、医疗付费方式、医院试点前后对孕产妇是否选择分娩镇痛具有影响。结论我国孕产妇分娩镇痛的选择率仍有较大提升空间,这可能与宣传普及力度不够以及未能完全满足孕产妇的无痛需求有关。建议采用多途径宣传,在提高全民镇痛认知度的同时统一分娩镇痛工作流程,提高分娩镇痛率。

Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of the willingness to choose labor analgesia for pregnant women in China.Methods The questionnaire star was used to conduct a network questionnaire survey on the willingness of pregnant women to give birth in the pilot hospitals for labor analgesia,using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis as well as the mediating effect analysis of variables.Results The main ways for pregnant women to understand childbirth analgesia were introductions by medical staff after hospitalization,recommendations from relatives and friends,and online information channels.96%of pregnant women said they would still choose childbirth analgesia for the next childbirth.The main reason was to reduce the pain and fear of childbirth.4%of pregnant women did not choose because of lack of understanding,safety concerns,and poor pain relief.No significant effects of the family residence,monthly income,medical payment methods,and hospital trials on whether pregnant women chose labor analgesia were not found.Conclusion There is still much room for improvement in the selection rate of birth analgesia for pregnant women in China.This may be due to insufficient publicity and failure to fully meet the painless needs of pregnant women.It is recommended to adopt multiple channels of publicity to unify the labor analgesic workflow while improving the awareness of analgesia by the whole people so as to increase the rate of labor analgesia.