基于KASP标记研究光周期基因Ppd-1对二系杂交小麦亲本抽穗期的作用

Effects of photoperiod gene Ppd-1 on heading time of two-line hybrid wheat parents by KASP markers

为阐明光周期基因Ppd-1对二系杂交小麦亲本抽穗期的作用,本研究利用光周期基因Ppd-1的6组KASP功能标记对453份二系杂交小麦亲本进行检测,明确Ppd-1等位基因的组成和分布;以播种到抽穗的时间和生长度日为指标,研究光周期基因Ppd-1与二系杂交小麦亲本抽穗期的关系。结果表明:供试材料以光周期敏感型为主,包含39种光周期基因单体型。其中Ⅱ-Ⅴ和ⅩⅠ型在不育系和恢复系都存在,占供试不育系和恢复系的75.53%和38.44%。供试材料在光周期基因单体型间播种到抽穗的时间和生长度日的差异不显著,而在播期间差异显著。年度间和单体型间生长度日比播种到抽穗的时间更稳定。制种亲本组合Ⅱ×Ⅱ在2018—2019年和2019—2020年2个年度生长度日稳定分别为32.94℃·d和32.79℃·d,达到极显著和显著水平。本研究为利用Ppd-1分子标记辅助筛选抽穗期稳定的制种亲本组合,结合播期协调其发育进程从而获得制种产量稳定的制种亲本组合奠定科学基础。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of photoperiod gene Ppd-1 on heading time of twoline hybrid wheat parents. Six pairs of KASP functional markers of Ppd-1 were used to detect the composition and distribution of photoperiod alleles Ppd-1 in 453 two-line hybrid wheat parents. The heading time and growth degree day were enrolled as index to evaluate the relationship between Ppd-1 allelic variation and the heading time of twoline hybrid wheat parents. Most of the materials were sensitive, and could be divided into 39 different haplotypes composition. Among which, the groups Ⅱ-Ⅴ and Ⅻ existed in both male sterile lines and restorer lines accounting for 75.53% and 38.44% in the male sterile lines and restorer lines, respectively. Allelic variation did not have a significant effect on heading time and growth degree day, while sowing date did. The growth degree day were more stable than heading time in different grown seasons as well as haplotypes composition. In the group Ⅱ × Ⅱ, we found that the growth degree day was stable in the two grown seasons of 2018—2019 and 2019—2020, which were 32.94 ℃·d and 32.79 ℃·d that reached a very significant and significant level respectively. The results provide a scientific basis for identifying the wheat germplasm with stable heading time assisted by molecular markers and for stable yield in two-line hybrid wheat production with parents combinations whose development process could be synchronize by sowing date.