人工智能对纺织业国际分工地位提升的影响研究

Research on the impact of artificial intelligence on international specialization status in textile industry

随着云计算、物联网和大数据等新技术的兴起,人工智能发展迈入新的阶段,正在引领纺织行业多领域变革。本文基于世界投入产出表,构建全球价值链地位指数衡量一国国际分工地位,运用多维面板固定效应模型考察人工智能对纺织业国际分工地位的作用机制及影响效应,拓展了纺织产业国际分工的研究边界。研究发现:人工智能发展对纺织业全球价值链地位提升效用显著;机制检验表明,人工智能主要通过技术创新、生产效率和人力资本三个渠道对纺织业国际分工地位产生影响,其中通过生产效率提升产业国际分工地位的作用还有待进一步激发。

With the continuous iteration of digital technologies,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is emerging as a core strength leading the technological revolution and industrial transformation.Furthermore,since the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic,AI has been promoted to a new high.To build new international competitiveness,AI has been undoubtedly seen as an important avenue to improve the status of international specializations.Under the opportunity of global value chain(GVC)reconstruction,the traditional comparative advantages such as labor cost are gradually weakened.The textile industry urgently needs to improve the core competitiveness of products through intelligent manufacturing,and upgrade from the processing and manufacturing link with the lowest added value to the textile machinery production and product design link with higher added value.Does the current development level of AI have an obvious driving effect on the international specializations status of textile industry in various countries?What is the specific mechanism?The discussion of these problems has theoretical value and important practical significance for the formulation of AI-related policies,the transformation of textile industry and the promotion path selection of the international specializations status.This paper measures the comprehensive development index of AI in 28 countries from 2010 to 2017.Based on the world input-output table,a global value chain position index is constructed to measure a country’s status of international specializations.The two indicators are connected within a unified framework,and the multi-dimensional panel fixed effect model is used for empirical test of textile industry.Then,using the intermediary effect model,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of AI on the status of international specializations from three channels:technological innovation,production efficiency and human capital.There are three possible marginal contributions of this paper:First,the research on integrated evaluation systems for AI development in 28 economies from 2010 to 2017,allowing for the international comparison and dynamic tracking from multiple dimensions,could be initial efforts to break up the one-fold measurement of AI.Second,it is the first time to use AI as an emerging influencing factor of the international specializations status in the textile industry.Third,through connecting the AI index with international specializations status of the textile industry within the unified accounting framework,our study provides a better understanding of mechanisms for AI influence on international specializations from three channels:technological innovation,production efficiency and human capital.The main conclusions are as follows:First,AI has significantly improved the position of a country’s textile industry in the global value chain.Second,through the mechanism test,it is confirmed that AI has improved the international specializations status of the textile industry through three channels:technological innovation,production efficiency and human capital.Among them,the kinetic energy of promoting the textile industry to move up the value chain through production efficiency needs to be further stimulated.Therefore,in order to seize the opportunity of technological revolution,the textile industry should actively develop intelligent manufacturing,and use AI technology to help enterprises complete the transformation of automation,intelligence and digitization,so as to improve the added value and technical content of export products.Meanwhile,enterprises and governments should increase R&D(research and development)investment,vigorously promote the transformation of innovative achievements of AI technology in the textile industry,and make it gradually occupy the core position of global value chain in international competition.Finally,in order to solve the key problems of textile industry such as the over-dependence on low-end labor force,administrative departments should speed up the construction of high-end talent team of AI.The emerging technology represented by AI provides a new path choice for the international specializations status of the textile industry,which can not only further promote the AI sustainable development and the effective integration of all links of the textile industry,but also break through the dilemma of"low-end locking"of the global value chain,so as to achieve the goal of promoting the digital transformation of the textile industry and improving the status of international specializations.It provides a theoretical and factual basis for AI to cultivate new digital kinetic energy in the upgrading of textile industry and to participate in the positioning of a new round of international competition.