脑动静脉畸形破裂出血相关危险因素研究进展

Research Progress in Related Risk Factors of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture and Hemorrhage

脑动静脉畸形(bAVM)是最危险的脑血管畸形,主要由非正常发育的供血动脉与引流静脉衔接形成短路造成畸形血管团血流动力学紊乱导致。bAVM可引起出血、癫痫、局灶性神经功能障碍等临床症状,颅内出血是bAVM最主要的致残、致死原因。导致bAVM破裂出血的危险因素较多,其中血管构筑学特征和基础生物学是目前bAVM破裂出血的研究热点。未来应针对bAVM破裂出血的危险因素制订相应减少bAVM破裂出血的治疗策略,以避免神经功能障碍的发生,降低患者致残率及致死率。

Brain arteriovenous malformation(bAVM)is the most dangerous cerebrovascular malformation,which is mainly caused by the connection of abnormally developed blood supply arteries and draining veins to form a short circuit,resulting in hemodynamic disturbance of the malformed vascular mass.bAVM can cause clinical symptoms such as hemorrhagic manifestations,epilepsy,and focal neurological dysfunction.Intracranial hemorrhage is the main cause of disability and death of bAVM.There are many risk factors leading to bAVM rupture and hemorrhage,among which angioarchitectural characteristics and basic biology are the current research hotspots of bAVM rupture and hemorrhage.In the future,corresponding treatment strategies should be formulated to reduce bAVM rupture and bleeding according to the risk factors of bAVM rupture and bleeding,so as to avoid the occurrence of neurological dysfunction and reduce the disability and mortality.