海口市农村地区育龄妇女不良妊娠结局风险分析

Risk factor analysis of adverse pregnancy outcomes of childbearing age women in rural area of Haikou

目的:了解海口市农村地区育龄妇女不良妊娠结局情况和可能危险因素,为减少当地不良妊娠结局发生提供参考依据。方法:2019年1月1日—2021年2月28日在海口市参加国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目的2335名农村已婚育龄妇女为研究对象,随访孕早期访和妊娠结局。结果:2335名妇女在参检后1年内妊娠1356人,妊娠率为58.1%,其中有93人出现不良妊娠结局(6.9%)。经多因素logistic回归分析,孕妇年龄≥35岁、体质指数≥24 kg/m^(2)、孕妇或丈夫文化水平高中以下、吸烟或被动吸烟、接触有害物质、生殖道感染均与为不良妊娠结局发生风险(P<0.05)。结论:提示当地管理部门加强宣传教育,针对不良风险建议计划妊娠夫妇规避上述不良风险,同时加强自我保健意识和生殖道自我防护意识,以减少不良妊娠发生。

Objective:To understand the situation and the possible risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes of women of childbearing age in rural areas of Haikou,and to provide reference for reducing the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of Haikou.Methods:From January 1,2019 to February 28,2021,2,335 rural married women of childbearing age in Haikou who participated in the national free pre-pregnancy healthy birth examination program were selected as the subjects.The pregnant situation during the first trimester of pregnancy and the pregnancy outcomes of these women were followed up.Results:Among 2335 women,1356 women were pregnancy within 1 year after participation of the national free pre-pregnancy healthy birth examination program,with the pregnant rate of 58.1%.Among them,93(6.9%)women had adverse pregnancy outcomes.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age≥35 years old,the value of body mass index≥24 kg/m^(2),the education level of the women or their husband less than high school,the smoking or passive smoking,the exposure to harmful substances,and the reproductive tract infection were all the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05).Conclusion:It is suggested that local management departments should be strengthen the publicity and education,and the couples with risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes who planning to pregnancy should be counselling to avoid the adverse risks mentioned above,and should be strengthened the awareness of self health care and self-protecting of reproductive tract,so as to reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy of the women.