不同来源间充质干细胞治疗早发性卵巢功能不全的研究进展

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency

早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)是指在女性40岁之前卵巢功能衰退或丧失,严重影响女性身心健康和生育功能。随着国家三孩政策的实施,POI对女性生育的不良影响显得越发严重。早发现,早治疗,尽早采用医源性手段干预减缓卵巢衰退格外重要。间充质干细胞(MSCs)具有分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞及脂肪细胞的特性,愈来愈多的研究证实不同组织来源的MSCs优先植入受损组织,其可表现出极强的再生、分化及修复能力。目前MSCs已被用于修复化疗引起的卵巢衰竭,但关于MSCs尚有许多未知的谜题。综合以前的科研成果,本文对不同来源的MSCs通过多样化的生化通路及基因表达途径改善POI女性卵巢功能的国内外最新研究进展进行综述,旨为MSCs治疗POI的手段早日应用于临床,造福广大POI女性提供转化医学的依据。同时为生殖医师治疗POI提供更新颖的思路。

Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)refers to the decline or loss of ovarian function of the women before 40 years old,which seriously affects the physical and mental health,and the reproductive function of these women.With the liberalization of the national three child policy,the adverse impact of POI on the fertility of the women is becoming more and more serious.Early detection,early treatment and iatrogenic intervention for the women with POI are particularly important to slow down their ovarian decline.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have the characteristics of differentiating into osteoblasts,chondrocytes,and adipocytes.More and more studies have confirmed that MSCs from different tissue sources are preferentially implanted into damaged tissues,which can show strong regeneration,differentiation,and repair ability.At present,MSCs have been used to repair ovarian failure caused by chemotherapy,but there are still many unknown mysteries about MSCs.Based on the previous research results,this paper summarizes the latest research progress of MSCs from different sources to improve the ovarian function of the women with POI through diversified biochemical pathways and gene expression pathways,so as to strive the application of the means of MSCs for treating POI in clinic as soon as possible,to benefit the majority of the women with POI,and to provide the evidences for translational medicine.At the same time,it provides more novel ideas for reproductive doctors to treat POI.