重构信访作为纠纷解决机制的功能定位

Reconstructing the Functional Orientation of Petition as a Dispute Resolution Mechanism

信访的实然功能与法定功能不一致,在实践中早已具备了权利救济的功能,虽说实然不能推出应然,不能说信访就应具有纠纷解决功能,存在不一定合理,但存在必有其原因.信访在实然层面具有纠纷解决功能的历史基础与现实基础,人民也有对信访解决其纠纷救济其权利的需求.信访作为中国本土问题,不可否认存在适用困境,但并不能因此否认正常信访纠纷解决的功能,可以通过制定信访法律、严格规范信访受理范围、信访终结制度及其配套惩罚措施、改革信访绩效考核机制、严格贯彻落实律师、心理咨询师参与信访工作机制等进路来修订完善我国行政信访制度,不但对非正常上访现象有所缓解,也对与其他救济机制和监督机制的有效衔接和我国多元化纠纷解决机制的建设有所助力.

The actual function of petition is not consistent with the legal function.In practice,it already has the function of right relief.Although it cannot be introduced,it can not be said that petition should have the function of dispute resolution.In reality,petition has the historical and realistic basis of dispute resolution function,and people also have the demand for the right to solve their disputes through petition.As a local issue in China,it is undeniable that there are difficulties in application of petition,but it cannot deny the function of normal petition dispute settlement,but can revise perfect administratire letters and visits system in China by means of formulating petition laws,strictly regulate the scope,put an end to the handling of complaint reporting system and the necessary penalties,reforming petition performance evaluation mechanism,strictly implementing the law,psychological consultants involved in reporting mechanism approach.It does not only ease non-normal petitioning phenomenon,but also contributes to the effective connection with other relief mechanisms and supervision mechanisms and the construction of diversified dispute resolution mechanisms in China.