基于定性研究的健康家庭评价指标体系框架构建

Construction of“healthy family”evaluation system based on qualitative research

目的多视角、全方位了解相关人员对健康家庭评价指标体系的看法和建议,明确健康家庭定义,探索构建适用于我国城市家庭的健康家庭评价指标体系框架。方法采用访谈法和文献分析法进行研究。根据信息饱和原则确定访谈对象,访谈对象包括上海的专家8人,社区服务人员6组,居民6组。收集和梳理国内外健康家庭的实践活动和理论文献基础,并通过主题框架法对结果进行分析。结果访谈对象一致认为健康家庭评价指标体系应针对家庭结构和成员年龄结构进行分类,使指标体系更加适应国情,指标应选取与家庭密切相关的核心指标。结合健康城市评价指标体系和健康的社会决定因素彩虹模型,以国内和国际权威指南、政策文件和建议为依据,结合当前各年龄阶段主要存在健康问题,从家庭环境健康、家庭成员健康、家庭功能健康、社会关系健康4个方面进行扩展。最终构建了一套包括4个一级指标、16个二级指标、64个三级指标的健康家庭评价指标体系框架。结论明确了健康家庭的定义,初步构建了适用于我国城市家庭的健康家庭评价指标体系框架。

Objective To understand challenges,suggestions and forms of indication system in healthy family,and to construct a framework of healthy family evaluation index system suitable for urban families in China.Methods Interview and literature analysis were applied.According to the principle of information saturation,8 interviewees,6 groups of community service personnel and 6 groups of residents from Shanghai were selected.We collected and sorted out the practice and theoretical basis of healthy family from domestic and foreign literatures.The results were analyzed and discussed by subject frame method.Results All the interviewees suggested that the healthy evaluation system in family,which was used to guide and evaluate the effect of intervene,should be classified on family structure and family members’age structure.The result should be combined with the healthy city evaluation system and rainbow model of social determinants of health,based on domestic and international authoritative guides,policy documents and recommendations and literature research.The core needs included family environmental,family members,family function and social relations.The system included 4 primary indicators,16 secondary indicators,and 64 tertiary indicators.Conclusion This study clarified the definition of healthy family and preliminarily constructed the framework of healthy family evaluation index system suitable for urban families in China.