不同栽培模式玉米群体光合及碳氮代谢特性研究

Studies on Characteristics of Photosynthesis and Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Maize of Different Cultivation Patterns

2017~2018年,在黑龙江省第一积温带典型地区采用大区对比试验,基于玉米专用控释肥施用,设置常规垄作(CK)、二比空(M1)和大垄双行(M2)3种种植方式处理,研究不同栽培模式玉米群体光合及碳氮代谢特性。结果表明,与CK相比,M2处理叶绿素含量、净光合速率和瞬时光能利用效率分别提高9.80%、27.68%和27.72%,核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶、丙酮酸磷酸二激酶、苹果酸酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶活性分别提高6.69%、15.98%、4.65%、5.49%和33.42%,硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸合成酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性分别提高15.14%、17.80%、54.99%和27.73%。

The normal ridge(CK),two-by-empty(M1)and double lines width ridge(M2)based on application of controlled release fertilizer for maize were built by adopting the regional contrast design from 2017 to 2018 to study the characteristics of photosynthesis and carbon and nitrogen metabolism in maize of different cultivation patterns in the first accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang province.The results showed that compared with CK,the content of chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate and utilization efficiency of instantaneous light energy of M2 in⁃creased by 9.80%,27.68%and 27.72%respectively;the activity of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase,pyruvate phosphate dikinase,malic acid,malic acid dehydrogenase and phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxylase of M2 increased by 6.69%,15.98%,4.65%,5.49%and 33.42%respectively;the activity of nitrate reductase,glutamine synthase,glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase of M2 increased by 15.14%,17.80%,54.99%and 27.73%respec⁃tively.