三峡升船机闸首卧倒门启闭油缸支座螺栓松动原因与处置对策

Reasons for looseness of support bolts of the Three Gorges ship lift tumble gate opening and closing cylinders and countermeasures

通过理论计算与试验研究相结合的方法,探讨了三峡升船机闸首卧倒门启闭油缸支座螺栓松动的原因及影响因素,并提出处置对策。结果表明:1)闸首卧倒门在交变荷载作用下频繁启闭,启闭油缸支座螺栓连接的各接触面在大载荷作用下产生塑性变形引起的材料松动与螺纹副相对微滑动引起的结构性松动共同造成螺栓松动。2)随着闸首卧倒门往复启闭次数增加,螺栓松动逐渐加剧直至失效。3)通过定期检查、螺栓超声波预紧力检测、重新拧紧等措施,可有效减少闸首卧倒门启闭油缸支座螺栓松动。

Through the method of combining theoretical calculation and experimental research,the reasons and the influencing factors for the looseness of the support bolts of the Three Gorges ship lift tumble gate opening and closing cylinders are discussed,and the countermeasures are put forward.The results show that:1)Under the action of alternating load,the tumble gate is opened and closed frequently.The looseness of the bolts is caused by both material looseness resulted from plastic deformation of each contact surface of bolted connection of the opening and closing cylinder under large load and structural looseness caused by micro slip of screw pair.2)With the increase of the number of reciprocating opening and closing of tumble gate,the looseness of the bolts gradually increased until they failed.3)Through measures such as regular inspection,ultrasonic bolt pre-tightening force detection,and re-tightening,the looseness of the support bolts of the tumble gate opening and closing cylinder can be effectively reduced.