基于时间赤字的隐性贫困测度原理、方法与应用

The Principle,Method and Application of Hidden Poverty Measurement Based on Time Deficit

研究目标:为巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果设定财务可负担且能体现正向激励的帮扶识别标准。研究方法:构造时间赤字指数,利用时间赤字的货币价值调整贫困线识别隐性贫困。研究发现:隐性贫困发生率与精准扶贫之前的绝对贫困发生率相近,显著低于相对贫困发生率,符合我国发展实际;隐性贫困帮扶的主要思路是提高有酬工作工时回报、减少家庭必要无酬工作时间、改善其他收入来源。研究创新:使用时间利用数据,在贫困测度中放松了所有家庭都有足够时间进行家庭生产的假定。研究价值:隐性贫困识别方法能够提供务实可行的帮扶识别标准,体现对有酬劳动的正向激励,约束帮扶过程中的“等靠要”问题,并且能够与乡村振兴政策体系形成有效衔接。

Research Objectives:Set up financially affordable identification standards for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation that can reflect positive incentives.Research Methods:Calculate the time deficit based on time utilization data,adjust income by using the monetary value of the time deficit,and identify hidden poverty through comparison with the income poverty line.Research Findings:The incidence of hidden poverty is similar to the incidence of absolute poverty when the targeted poverty alleviation strategy is implemented,and it is significantly lower than the incidence of relative poverty.The hidden poverty index is more in line with China’s development reality.The main measures for the alleviation of hidden poverty are to increase the return of paid working hours,reduce the necessary unpaid working hours of the family,and improve other sources of income.Research Innovations:The hidden poverty measure introduces time deficit to construct poverty index by relaxing the assumption that all households have enough time for household production.Research Value:The hidden poverty identification method can provide pragmatic and feasible identification standards for assistance,and constrain the waiting and relying problem in the process of assistance through positive incentives for paid labor.The hidden poverty assistance policy can form an effective connection with the rural revitalization policy system.