量刑建议、量化评估与司法公正

Sentencing Recommendations,Quantitative Evaluation and Judicial Justice

党的十九届五中全会提到完善检察权运行机制和促进司法公正的价值目标,这对当前刑事司法改革具有很强的指导意义。作为一项关系着司法公正实现程度的制度,量刑建议制度在改革目标上经历了从约束法官到审前主导的过程。在认罪认罚从宽制度正式施行后,精准化量刑建议将量刑裁量提前到审前阶段,但是否能满足公正性要求还应进一步检验。量化方法在评估量刑建议公正性时具有样本规模大、变量层次多、统计方法成熟、结论可信度强等优点。为了强化量刑公正性的量化评估,有必要加强检察系统与研究机构的数据合作,拓展跨区域的量化比较,并促进对评估结论的合理利用。

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee mentioned the value goal of improving the operation mechanism of the procuratorial power and promoting judicial justice,which has strong guiding significance for the current criminal justice reform.Having a bearing on the realization of judicial justice,the sentencing recommendation system has experienced a change in terms of the target of the reform from restricting judges to following guidance of the pre-trial stage.After the formal implementation of the system of exercising leniency to guilty pleas and acceptance of punishment,the precise sentencing scheme advances the sentencing recommendation to the pre-trial stage,but whether it can meet the fairness requirement is yet to be tested.For fairness evaluation of the sentencing recommendations,quantitative methods have the advantages of large sample size,multiple levels of variables,mature statistical methods and strong credibility of conclusions.In order to enhance the quantitative evaluation of the fairness of sentencing,it is necessary to strengthen the data cooperation between the procuratorial system and research institutions,expand cross-regional quantitative comparison,and promote the rational use of the evaluation conclusions.