当代资本主义不平等问题的根源及其影响

The Root Cause and Influence of Inequality in Contemporary Capitalism

20世纪80年代以后,资本主义的不平等问题日益加剧,主要表现为各国普遍的收入和财富分配日趋严重的两极分化,以及严重的贫困问题。全球化进程中的资本权力扩张以及与技术的变化相关的“技能溢价”影响到了收入和财富分配的两极分化。与此同时,国家一系列迎合市场却弱化传统社会保护机制的政策方式进一步助推了社会的两极分化。此外,劳动组织尤其是工会的衰退直接影响了工人在收入分配中的议价能力。不平等问题直接冲击了西方主流价值观,对社会经济的发展产生了消极影响,它尤其侵蚀了既有的民主秩序,助推了政治极化现象。

After the 1980s,the inequality of capitalism has become increasingly serious,which is mainly reflected in the growing disparity of income and wealth distribution in all countries,as well as the grave problem of poverty.The expansion of capital power in the process of globalization and the "skill premium" related to technological changes have affected the polarization of income and wealth distribution.At the same time,a series of national policies that cater to the market but weaken the traditional social protection mechanism have further exacerbated the polarization of society.In addition,the decline of labor organizations,especially trade unions,has a direct bearing on the bargaining power of workers in income distribution.The problem of inequality has come as a shock to the Western mainstream values and had a negative impact on social and economic development.In particular,it has eroded the existing democratic order and encouraged the phenomenon of political polarization.