贵州山地茶园土壤主要物理性质及其特征

Main Physical Properties and Characteristics of Tea Garden Soil in Mountainous Areas of Guizhou

为探索土壤孔隙度、土壤毛管持水量、土壤机械组成对贵州山地茶园产地土壤的影响,筛选出贵州山地茶园的高产优质栽培的最佳土壤条件。以不同土地利用方式下茶园土壤与其它类型土壤为研究对象,通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,对比研究了贵州山地茶园土壤、林地土壤、耕地土壤物理性质及其特征。结果表明:贵州山地茶园产地土壤孔隙度值中等略微偏低,不同土地土壤孔隙度平均值变化为:林地>茶园>耕地;不同土地利用方式的土壤毛管持水量各不相同,其大小变化为:林地>茶园>耕地;贵州山地茶园产地土壤物理性砂粒含量适中,粗粉粒的含量高于细粘粒含量。从总体上看,贵州山地茶园产地土壤孔隙度、毛管持水量、机械组成基本符合高产茶园的要求,比较适宜茶树的生长。

In order to explore the influence of soil porosity,soil capillary water holding capacity and soil mechanical composition on the soil of Guizhou mountain tea garden,the optimal soil conditions for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Guizhou mountain tea garden were screened out.Taking tea garden soil and other types of soil under different land use modes as the research object,through the combination of field investigation and indoor analysis,the physical properties and characteristics of mountain tea garden soil,forest soil and cultivated land soil in Guizhou were compared.The results showed that the soil porosity value of mountain tea garden in Guizhou was medium and slightly low.The average value of soil porosity in different lands changed as follows:forest land>Tea Garden>cultivated land;The soil capillary water holding capacity of different land use modes is different,and its size change is:forest land>Tea Garden>cultivated land;The content of soil physical sand in Guizhou mountain tea garden is moderate,and the content of coarse silt is higher than that of fine clay.On the whole,the soil porosity,capillary water holding capacity and mechanical composition of mountain tea garden in Guizhou basically meets the requirements of high-yield tea garden,it is more suitable for the growth of tea trees.