高维集成光量子技术

High-dimensional integrated quantum photonic technology

光量子系统在量子技术中的作用至关重要,伴随光子集成技术的发展,光量子集成被认为是推进量子信息技术的重要途径.同时,量子纠缠是量子信息处理中重要的物理资源,其中高维纠缠的量子系统与二维系统比较,具有更为独特的优势.然而,随着维度的增加,高维量子纠缠态的产生和操控也面临挑战.综述近年来高维集成量子技术的相关研究,先回顾不同自由度片上高维纠缠态制备方案,再从量子光源、可重构量子调控、前沿量子信息应用等三个方面分别进行分析和总结.在量子光源方面,重点对产生非线性效应、光源结构和产生纠缠方式进行说明,并对其适用性和优势进行分析;在可重构量子调控中,针对基本操控单元、通用操控线路和结构改进三个方面进行综述,阐述面临的困难和目前的解决思路;最后,对集成高维光量子纠缠态在各个领域的应用场景进行归纳,并对未来的发展做出展望.

Quantum photonic systems play a vital role in quantum technologies.With the development of integrated optical technology,integrated quantum photonics has become an important way to advance quantum information processing.Meanwhile,entanglement is a crucial physical resource in quantum information science and high-dimensional entangled quantum systems have more unique advantages than two-dimensional systems.Generating and manipulating high-dimensional entangled quantum states is a key topic in quantum-enhanced computation and communication.However,with dimensionality increasing,preparing and controlling high-dimensional quantum entangled states also face challenges.This review summarizes research on high-dimensional integrated quantum photonic technology in recent years.Firstly,we review the preparation schemes of high-dimensional entangled states on optical chips with different degrees of freedom,and then we analyze and generalize the three aspects of quantum source,reconfigurable quantum control and cutting-edge quantum information applications.In terms of on-chip quantum source,it focuses on explaining nonlinear effect,quantum source structure,and methods to generate entanglement,analyzing their applicability and advantages.In terms of reconfigurable quantum control,it summarizes three aspects of basic processing units,universal processing circuits,and structural improvements.It explains the difficulties faced and the current solutions.Finally,the application scenarios of integrated highdimensional quantum entangled states in various fields are reviewed,and prospects for future development are made.