某火车站售票厅吸声降噪

Noise reduction in the ticket hall of the railway station

铁路车站售票厅功能日趋多样化,因其客流量大、嘈杂,声环境有待改善.测试了某售票厅内的噪声,确定其主要噪声源,针对测试结果,提出了吸声降噪方案,建立售票厅降噪前后的声场仿真模型,计算了售票厅的吸声降噪量.研究表明,售票厅内平均声压级为74.2 dB(A),主要噪声源是售票员与顾客交流时由扬声器发出的声音.综合考虑降噪量和混响时间,吸水性海绵降噪效果较佳.采用吸水海绵降噪时,室内平均降噪量为5.4 dB,降噪后售票厅内平均声压级为68.8 dB(A),混响时间为1.2~1.3 s,声压级达到限值要求,混响时间符合最佳混响时间要求.

Sound environment should be improved in the ticket hall with comprehensive functions,large guest flow and noisy environment.Noise in the ticket hall is tested,the dominant noise sources are determined,the noise reduction measurements are proposed being based on the test data,the sound field in the hall are modeled with and without noise reduction measurements and noise reductions are calculated.The results show that the averaged sound pressure level is 74.2 dB(A)in the ticket hall,and the main noise in the ticket hall is the conductors’speech from the loudspeakers when they talk to the passengers buying tickets.Considering the noise reduction and the reverberation time,the effect for the noise reduction of absorbent sponge is superior to the polyurethane sponge.In the hall,the averaged noise reduction is 5.4 dB(A),the averaged sound pressure level is 68.8 dB(A)subject to the limit of 70 dB(A),and the reverberation times are 1.2~1.3 s limited to 1.2~1.3 s of the optimum reverberation time.