燃煤电厂城市废弃物前置干燥炭化处置技术小型化工业应用

Miniaturization industrial application of pre drying and carbonization technology of municipal wastes from coal-fired power plants

针对城市绿色发展面临的废弃物处置问题,利用燃煤电厂优势条件,研发了城市废弃物前置干燥炭化技术,实现了燃煤电厂对城市废弃物的资源化及无害化处置。通过抽取煤粉锅炉高温烟气在一体化处理机中对废弃物进行一体化处置,全组分产物经密闭管道输送至高温炉膛进行焚烧,焚烧产生的大气污染物经锅炉尾部环保设施高效脱除实现超低排放。炉膛1 300~1 500℃高温条件遏制了废弃物焚烧过程中二噁英类物质生成,并将废弃物化学能向电能的转化效率提高至37%~42%。该技术在污泥耦合发电项目上进行了小型化工业应用,结果表明:污泥处置能力达100 t/d,整个处置过程无臭气及有机臭水产生,处置污泥期间锅炉主辅机运行参数均正常;掺烧污泥前后,锅炉效率下降约0.05百分点,烟囱入口烟气中二噁英及粉煤灰中的重金属均无明显差别。

In view of the waste disposal problems faced by urban green development,by using the advantages of coal-fired power plants,the pre drying and carbonization technology of urban waste is developed to realize the resource and harmless disposal of urban wastes by coal-fired power plants.The high-temperature flue gas of pulverized coal boiler is extracted for integrated disposal of wastes in the integrated processor.All component products are transported to the high-temperature furnace for incineration through closed pipelines.The atmospheric pollutants generated by incineration are effectively removed by the environmental protection facilities at the tail of the boiler to achieve ultra-low emission.The formation of dioxins in the process of waste incineration is restrained at 1 300 ℃~1 500 ℃.The conversion efficiency of waste chemical energy to electric energy is increased to 37%~42%.Small-scale industrial application of this technology has been acomplished in a sludge coupled power generation project.The result shows that,the sludge disposal capacity is up to 100 t/d.There is no odor and organic odor water produced in the whole disposal process.During the sludge disposal,the operation parameters of the main and auxiliary devices of the boiler are normal.The boiler efficiency decreases by about 0.05 percentage point after mixing sludge.There is no significant difference in concentrations between dioxins in flue gas at chimney inlet and heavy metals in fly ash.