外商直接投资数量、质量与城市绿色全要素生产率——基于创新能力的视角

Foreign Direct Investment Quantity,Quality and Urban Green Total Factor Productivity——From the Perspective of Innovation Ability

采用2007―2018年中国268个城市面板数据,使用考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM方向性距离函数和ML指数对各城市绿色全要素生产率进行测算,在借鉴面板门槛模型的基础上,以发明专利授权量表征的城市创新能力作为门槛变量,实证分析了外商直接投资数量和质量分别对城市绿色全要素生产率的非线性影响。研究结果表明:以城市创新能力为阈值,FDI数量、质量与城市绿色全要素生产率之间均存在复杂的非线性关系。其中FDI数量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响存在显著的单门槛效应,当城市创新能力低于门槛值时,FDI数量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响显著为负,而当城市创新能力超过门槛值之后,FDI数量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响显著为正。FDI质量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响存在显著的双门槛效应,当城市创新能力低于第一门槛值时,FDI质量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响显著为负,当城市创新能力超过第一门槛值之后,FDI质量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响显著为正,而当城市创新能力超过第二门槛值之后,FDI质量对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响又转变为显著为负。

Based on the panel data of 268 cities in China from 2007 to 2018,this paper measure the green total factor productivity of each city using the super-efficiency SBM directional distance function and ML index.Based on the panel threshold model and taking the city's innovation capability represented by the amount of invention patent grants as the threshold variable,this paper empirically analyzes the nonlinear effects of the foreign direct investment(FDI)quantity and quality on urban green total factor productivity.The results show that there is a complex nonlinear relationship between FDI quantity,quality and urban green total factor productivity.First,the FDI quantity on urban green total factor productivity has a significant single threshold effect on the urban green total factor productivity:when the urban innovation ability is lower than the threshold,the impact of FDI quantity on urban green total factor productivity is significantly negative,vice versa.Then,the FDI quality has a significant double threshold effect on urban green total factor productivity.When the urban innovation ability is lower than the first threshold,the impact of FDI quality on urban green total factor productivity is significantly negative.When the urban innovation ability exceeds the first threshold,the impact of the former on the latter is significantly positive.Finally,when the urban innovation ability exceeds the second threshold,the FDI quality has a significantly negative impact on urban green total factor productivity.