日粮添加复合益生菌对不同饲养模式广西三黄鸡肠道形态与菌群的影响

Effect of dietary compound probiotics on intestinal morphology and microflora of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens under different rearing modes

试验旨在研究不同饲养方式添加复合益生菌(丁酸梭菌+枯草芽孢杆菌)对广西三黄鸡肠道形态与菌群的影响。选取49日龄广西三黄鸡33000只(公、母各半)分笼养和散养两种模式开展试验。笼养模式选取3000只随机分为3组,即LA组(基础日粮+丁酸梭菌)、LB组(基础日粮+复合益生菌)、LC组(基础日粮),每组5个重复,每个重复200只(公、母各半)。散养模式选取30000只随机分成3组,即SA组(丁酸梭菌)、SB组(复合益生菌)、SC组(基础日粮),每组5个重复,每个重复2000只(公、母各半)。试验期30 d。结果显示:不同饲养模式下,日粮中添加复合益生菌对广西三黄鸡的生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。笼养模式80 d时LB组三黄鸡空肠绒毛高度显著高于49 d的LB组、LC组(P<0.05);散养模式80 d时,SB组三黄鸡空肠绒毛高度显著高于49 d的SB组、SC组(P<0.05);80 d的SC三黄鸡组空肠隐窝深度均显著高于49 d的SC组(P<0.05)。笼养或散养模式下,相比LB组,LA组三黄鸡的厚壁菌门、瘤胃球菌属显著上调(P<0.05);散养模式LB组三黄鸡拟杆菌门和放线菌门、LA组、LB组拟杆菌属相对丰度显著低于笼养模式(P<0.05)。研究表明,不同饲养模式下日粮中添加丁酸梭菌、复合益生菌对广西三黄鸡的生长性能无明显影响;笼养或散养模式下,添加复合益生菌可以促进空肠形态发育,添加丁酸梭菌有助于提高有益菌相对丰度;笼养模式的三黄鸡生长性能、肠道形态以及有益菌相对丰度优于散养模式。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of adding compound probiotics(Clostridium butyricum+Bacillus subtilis)in different rearing modes on intestinal morphology and bacterial community of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens.3300049-day-old Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(half male and female)were divided into two modes of cage rearing and free range rearing.In cage rearing mode,3000 chickens were randomly divided into three groups,namely LA group(basal diet+Clostridium butyricum),LB group(basal diet+compound probiotics)and LC group(basal diet),with five replicates in each group and 200 chickens in each replicate(half male and female).In free-range rearing mode,30000 chickens were randomly divided into three groups,SA group(Clostridium butyricum),SB group(compound probiotics)and SC group(basal diet),with five replicates in each group and 2000 chickens in each replicate(half male and female).The experiment lasted for 30 d.The results showed that under different feeding modes,the addition of compound probiotics in the diet had no significant effect on the growth performance of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P>0.05).After cage rearing for 80 days,the height of jejunum villus in LB group was significantly higher than that in LB group and LC group at 49 days(P<0.05).After cage rearing for 80 days,the height of jejunum villus in LB group was significantly higher than that in LB and LC groups at 49 days(P<0.05).80-day SC Sanhuang chicken group had significantly higher jejunal crypt depth than 49-day SC group(P<0.05).Compared with the LB group,the Firmicutes and Ruminococcus of Sanhuang chickens in the LA group were significantly up-regulated in the cage or free-range mode(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Bacteroides in LB group was significantly lower than that in caged mode(P<0.05).The experiment indicates that the addition of Clostridium butyricum and compound probiotics to the diet under different feeding modes has no significant effect on the growth performance of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens.In cage or free-range mode,the addition of compound probiotics can promote the morphological development of the jejunum,and the addition of Clostridium butyricum was helpful to increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and the Sanhuang chickens in caged mode were better than those in free-range mode in terms of growth performance,gut morphology and relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.