灵芝三萜的生物活性及潜在应用研究

Bioactivity and potential application of triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum

灵芝作为重要的药用真菌,其主要生物活性成分包括多糖、糖肽及三萜类化合物等,其中,灵芝三萜类化合物系高度氧化的羊毛甾烷衍生物,表现出强大且独特的生物活性及药理价值,目前灵芝三萜含量已成为《美国药典(United States Pharmacopoeia)》对灵芝质量的评价标准。综述目前关于灵芝三萜生物活性的研究成果,包括细胞毒性和抗肿瘤活性、抗氧化和保肝活性、神经保护作用、助眠特性、抗糖尿病活性等;概述灵芝三萜在功能性食品和保健品开发中的潜在应用价值,并探讨其未来的研究方向。

Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom,contains polysaccharides,glycopeptides,triterpenoids and other bioactive components.Ganoderma triterpenoids belong to highly oxidized lanosterol derivatives,which show strong and unique bioactivity and pharmacological value.At present,the content of ganoderma triterpenoids has become the evaluation standard of G.lucidum quality in the United States Pharmacopoeia.This paper reviews the current research results on the biological activities of ganoderma triterpenoids,including cytotoxicity and anti-tumor activity,antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity,neuroprotective effect,hypnotic properties,anti-diabetes activity,etc.Meanwhile,this paper summarizes the potential application of ganoderma triterpenoids in the development of functional food and health products,and discusses its future research direction.