21700锂离子电池风冷结构设计与散热效果研究

21700 Li-ion Battery Air-cooled Structure Design and Heat Dissipation Effect Research

为研究21700圆柱三元锂离子电池包风冷散热效果,首先进行了环境温度25℃下的单体电池1C与2C倍率放电温升试验,得到了电池温升规律。然后利用3D建模软件建立了单体电池的三维仿真模型,并通过试验数据对仿真模型进行了验证。采用电池交叉排布组成电池包,设计了三种风冷结构,分别为单进单出结构、进口垂直结构与进口相对结构。对三种结构电池包在2C倍率放电条件下的散热性能进行了仿真研究,研究结果表明:进口垂直结构对电池包最高温度抑制作用最强,进口相对结构电池包温度一致性最好。

In order to study the effect of air-cooled heat dissipation of 21700 cylindrical ternary Li-ion battery pack,the temperature rise test of 1C and 2C multiplier discharge of a single cell at an ambient temperature of 25°C was conducted to obtain the curve of the temperature rise.CFD software was used to simulate the temperature rise of battery discharged at 1C and 2C multipliers,and the simulation model was verified by test data.Three types of air-cooled structures are designed,namely single-inlet and single-outlet structure,inlet vertical structure and inlet relative structure,and the performance of the three structures on the heat dissipation of the battery pack under the 2C discharge rate is analyzed.The simulation results show that the single-inlet-single-outlet structure has the strongest suppression effect on the maximum temperature of the pack,the inlet-vertical structure has the fastest cooling air velocity,and the inlet-relative structure has the best pack temperature uniformity.