酯交换工艺对植物绝缘油运动黏度的影响

Effect of Transesterification Process on Kinematic Viscosity of Vegetable Insulating Oil

植物绝缘油是一种环保型高燃点绝缘油,其具有与矿物绝缘油相当的电气性能,但运动黏度大于矿物绝缘油。本研究以植物绝缘油为原料,在催化剂NaOH和乙醇的作用下,研究酯交换反应制备低黏度绝缘油的工艺条件,并考察酯交换反应条件对植物绝缘油运动黏度的影响。结果表明:在乙醇与植物绝缘油的摩尔比为6∶1,反应时间为1 h,反应温度为70℃,NaOH质量分数为0.5%时产物运动黏度可达到5.81 mm^(2)/s,与矿物油相近。在催化剂质量分数不超过0.5%时产物的运动黏度与催化剂用量呈反比关系,并可以通过控制催化剂用量,制备不同运动黏度的植物绝缘油。

Vegetable insulating oil is a kind of environment-friendly insulating oil with high ignition point,its electrical performance is similar with that of mineral insulating oil,but the kinematic viscosity is higher than that of mineral insulating oil.In this paper,the process conditions for preparing insulating oil with low viscosity by transesterification reaction using vegetable insulating oil as raw material and NaOH and ethanol as catalyst were discussed.And the effect of transesterification reaction conditions on the kinematic viscosity of vegetable insulating oil was investigated.The results show that when the molar ratio of alcohol to oil is 6∶1,the reaction time is 1h,the reaction temperature is 70℃,and the mass fraction of NaOH is 0.5%,the kinematic viscosity of the product can reach to 5.81 mm^(2)/s,which is close to that of mineral oil.When the mass fraction of catalyst is no more than 0.5%,the kinematic viscosity of the product is inversely proportional to the amount of catalyst,and vegetable insulating oils with different kinematic viscosity can be prepared by controlling the amount of catalyst.