地震灾害下城市电网关键单元防护资源配置

On Allocation of Protection Resources to Critical Units of Urban Power Grids Against Earthquake Disasters

为降低城市电网在地震灾害背景下的破坏程度,将有限的防护资源进行优化配置是重要途径。地震的发生是一种不确定的现象,对电网关键单元的毁伤破坏具有随机性,造成的风险是一种概率性风险。防护资源分配需要考虑各关键单元的重要度和易损性,结合相关的决策分析理论和相应的算法,将每单位防护资源投放至产生最大防护效果的单元上。结果表明:概率性风险下能产生最大影响效果的单元往往可以得到完全防护;适当增加的防护资源可以降低电网总体风险,但增加量存在上限。

In order to reduce the damage of urban power grids from earthquake, it is important to optimize the allocation of limited protection resources. With the uncertainty of earthquakes and the randomness of damage to key units of urban power grids, the risk caused by earthquake is probabilistic. The importance and vulnerability of each key unit should be considered in the allocation of protection resources. Combined with relevant decision analysis theory and corresponding algorithm, per unit protection resources should be allocated to the unit that has the highest protection effectiveness. The results show that the unit with the highest effectiveness under probabilistic risk tends to be fully protected and appropriate increase of protection resources can reduce the overall risk of the power grid, but there is an upper limit to the increase amount.