急性心肌梗死患者院前救治现状及危险因素分析

Analysis of Pre-hospital Treatment Status and Risk Factors of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的 分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者院前救治现状及危险因素。方法 选取2018年6月-2020年6月于我院接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)治疗的AMI患者186例,均行PCI治疗,统计并收集所有入组患者性别、年龄、吸烟史、合并高血压/血脂、合并糖尿病、接受教育及培训、家庭收入、学历、是否呼叫急救系统与救治延迟时间等资料,采用Logistic回归进行AMI患者院前救治危险因素分析。结果 延迟救治<2h有79例,延迟救治≥2h有107例(P<0.05);单因素Logistic回归分析显示性别、年龄、吸烟史、合并高血压/血脂、合并糖尿病、接受教育及培训、家庭收入、学历、是否呼叫急救系统与救治延迟时间有关(P<0.05)。吸烟史、症状类型、合并脑卒中与救治延迟时间无关(P>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄、合并糖尿病、合并高血压/血脂、是否呼叫急救系统是影响AMI患者院前救治独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 我国目前AMI患者院前救治现状较差,年龄、合并糖尿病、是否呼叫急救系统是AMI患者院前救治独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the status of pre-hospital treatment and the related risk factors for patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A total of 186 patients with AMI underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled.Statistics and collection of data on gender, age, smoking history, combined high blood pressure/lipidemia, combined diabetes, education and training, family income, education background, whether to call the emergency system, and the delay time of treatment of all patients were collected.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of pre-hospital treatment for AMI patients.Results There were 79 cases with delayed treatment<2 h, and 107 cases with delayed treatment≥2 h(P<0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that ender, age, smoking history, combined high blood pressure/lipidemia, combined diabetes, education and training, family income, education background, and whether to call the emergency system were related to rescue delay(P<0.05),while smoking history, clinical symptoms and combined stroke were not related to pre-hospital delay(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension/hyperlipidemia and whether to call the emergency system were independent risk factors for pre-hospital treatment of AMI patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The current status of pre-hospital treatment of AMI patients in China is not in good condition, moreover, age, diabetes mellitus and whether to call the emergency system are independent risk factors of pre-hospital treatment of AMI patients.