明代古文选本凡例论略

On the Explanatory Notes of Anthology of Ancient Chinese Prose in Ming Dynasty

明代古文选本的凡例,篇幅长短自由,形式既有分条说明的科排体,也有保留序文特征的叙述体,有的选本再版时还会新加入凡例。通过凡例可以考察编选意图与文学批评观念。明人在古文选本凡例中所表达的编选意图,主要有指导科举、道德教化与审美追求。凡例中的批评常常有文学史梳理的意识,对评点也有深入思考。此外,凡例被植入广告,新增商业性功能,发挥了广告效应,这体现出古文选本由教材到商品的功能转变,意义深远。

The explanatory notes of the ancient anthology of the Ming dynasty are free in length,their stylesranging from explanatory to narrative as in a preface.Some anthologies include new explanatory notes when reedited.The intention of editing and selection and the idea of literary criticism can be observed through the explanatory notes.The intention expressed by the editors of the Ming dynasty in the ancient anthology was to guide the imperial examination,moral education and aesthetic pursuit.The criticism in the anthology of ancient Chinese literature often bears the consciousness of combing the literary history,together with the thorough thinking on the commentary marks.In addition,the new commercial function of every explanatory note is developed by inserting advertisements into the explanatory note,hence the advertising effect.It embodies that the function of the anthology transforms from a textbook to a commodity,resulting in far-reaching significance.