国内新冠康复者恢复期血浆捐献者招募方式和捐献人群分析

Analysis of Recruitment and Demography of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Donors

目的分析新冠康复者恢复期血浆(简称新冠血浆)捐献者招募方式和捐献人群特点。方法采用调查问卷的方式,收集国内截止到2021年3月1日的新冠血浆捐献者(简称捐浆者)招募工作、医学伦理原则遵从情况、捐浆者康复标准、捐献血浆前健康征询标准和捐浆者人口学基本情况6个方面内容开展问卷的调研进行分析。结果新冠患者收治定点医院招募捐浆者、采供血机构招募及两个机构同时招募这三种招募方式占到75.55%;对病程信息及其他一般病史关注的采供血机构占到70%;招募单位和采集单位均负责知情同意告知占68.30%;以同时满足两次核酸阴性、体温恢复正常、出院居家隔离14天以上及影像学恢复正常作为招募标准的采集单位占41.46%;75.60%的单位制定专门的新冠康复者健康检查要求或在已有基础上增加额外要求;全体捐浆者中男性占56.31%,在全体捐浆者中,成功捐献占比74.90%。结论新冠康复者招募成功率偏低,新冠患者收治定点医院和采供血机构协同招募效果较好,充分开展知情同意,康复时间长是保障新冠血浆捐献安全的基础,康复者中男性对于捐献新冠血浆的意愿高于女性。

Objective To analyze the recruitment strategy for and population characteristics of COVID-19 convalescent plasma(CCP)donors.Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted until March 1,2021.Six contents including the recruitment of CCP donors,medical ethics compliance,standard for cured COVID-19 Patients,standard for pre-donation health consultation,and CCP donor demographics,were carried out.Results The three recruitment strategies of CCP donors from designated COVID-19 hospitals,blood center and both the two institutions accounted for 75.55%.Blood centers that collected disease course information and other general medical history accounted for 70%.Both the recruitment institutions and plasma collection institutions that were responsible for informed consent notification accounted for 68.3%.Collection institutions whose recruitment criteria met two consecutive negative COVID-19 nucleic acid test results,normal body temperature,self-isolate at home at least 14 days and normal medical imaging accounted for 41.60%.A total of 75.60%institutions have formulated health examination requirements or added additional requirements for CCP donors.Among the CCP donors,male donors accounted for 56.31%,and successful donations accounted for 74.90%.Conclusion The successful recruitment rate of CCP donors is low.It is better to recruit from designated hospitals and blood collection and supply institutions simultaneously.Informed consent and long rehabilitation time is the basis for ensuring the safety of CCP donations.Among the rehabilitated patients,men are more willing to donate CCP than women.