走向自旋的未来信息时代

Coming of the age with spintronics-based future information

随着电子器件的微型化不断接近物理极限,后摩尔时代的新原理器件成为研究热点.自旋电子学器件利用电子的自旋属性实现更高效率的信息存储、传递和处理,有望打破或者规避传统器件的热壁垒和量子壁垒,因此自旋电子学是未来信息技术发展的重要方向之一.在这样的大背景下,国家自然科学基金委员会召开了“走向自旋的未来信息时代”的第285期双清论坛.本文基于本次论坛所讨论的内容,回顾了近年来自旋电子学研究所取得的主要进展和成就,总结了未来信息时代我国自旋电子学研究所面临的重大机遇与挑战,凝炼了该领域未来5–10年的重大关键科学问题,为国家自然科学基金委员会对于自旋电子学领域的资助战略提出了建议.

With the miniaturization of electronic devices approaching the physical limit,new electronic devices in the post-Moore Era have attracted tremendous attention.The intrinsic characteristics of electron spin should be considered as a path to achieve much higher efficiency in information storage,transmission,and processing in order to break or bypass the thermal and quantum barriers of traditional devices.Therefore,spintronics is one of the important cornerstones for developing information technology in future.This review is summarized based on the presentations and discussions at the 285 th“Shuangqing Forum”organized by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC).It discusses major issues and challenges in spintronics research and the prospective of next-generation techniques of information storage and computations.Important progress and achievements are highlighted,and key scientific questions and promising areas are suggested for NSFC to fund in the next 5–10 years.