中国农村能源发展关键问题

Key Issues on Rural Energy Development in China

近年来,中国农村能源供应保障能力不断增强,能源结构调整成效明显,但是也存在一些问题:农村废弃物能源化利用率低制约了资源综合利用和环境保护,农村能源消费层次低和电气化水平不高制约了城乡快速融合发展和农村地区能源消费升级,农村能源社会化服务体系建设滞后制约了农村能源有效供给和高效服务的社会公平。针对中国农村能源发展面临的问题和挑战,聚焦农村生活用能,梳理分析了中国农村能源发展基本情况。针对中国国情的特殊性和不同区域具体特点,通过对农村废弃物能源化利用、农村能源电气化应用、农村能源服务体系建设等关键问题研究,提出了促进中国农村能源科学发展的措施建议。

In recent years,China’s rural energy supply security capacity has been continuously enhanced,and the energy structure adjustment has achieved remarkable results,but some problems still exist.The low utilization rate of rural waste energy has restricted the comprehensive utilization of resources and the environmental protection;the low level of rural energy consumption and electrification has restricted the rapid integration of urban and rural development and the upgrading of energy consumption in rural areas;and the delayed construction of rural energy socialization service system has restricted the effective supply of rural energy and social equity of efficient service.In view of the problems and challenges of rural energy development in China,an analysis is made on the current situation of rural energy development in China with focus on rural domestic energy consumption.According to the particularity of China’s national conditions and the specific characteristics of different regions,the key issues,such as rural waste energy utilization,rural energy electricity gasification and rural energy service system construction,etc.,are studied,and some suggestions are proposed for advancing the scientific development of rural energy in China.