我国营养标签对植物性饮食的健康引导与对策研究

Study on health guidance and countermeasures of nutrition labeling on plant-based diet in China

植物性饮食是为预防肥胖,单纯摄入植物性食物的膳食模式,但仍存在营养结构失衡风险。发挥营养标签对植物性饮食的健康引导作用对完善我国营养标签制度有重要意义。梳理国内外营养标签相关资料发现,我国现行营养成分表、营养声称、全谷物食品认证标志、“健康选择”标识、“餐饮食品营养”标识可帮助植物性饮食者减少钠、脂肪、反式脂肪酸、糖等限制性营养成分摄入,同时增加蛋白质、全谷物等鼓励性营养素/食物摄入。与国外营养标签相比,我国营养标签类型少,适用范围小且营养评价标准尚不科学。建议促进包装正面(front of package,FOP)标签在生鲜植物性食物应用,构建加工植物性食物的整体营养价值评价标准,设计并发布适合我国的FOP标签认证纯素食菜谱,推行电子营养标签等,为植物性饮食提供精准营养支撑和科学依据。

Plant-based diet is a dietary pattern in which only plant-derived foods are consumed with the goal of preventing obesity,but there is still a risk of nutritional imbalance. It is of great significance to give full play to the role of health guidance of the nutrition labeling on the plant-based diet in China to improve the nutrition labeling system. By combing relevant materials of nutrition labels at home and abroad,it is found that nutrition facts table,nutrition claim,whole grain food certification labeling, "healthy choice" labeling,and dishes nutrition labeling in China could help residents who have plant-based diet to reduce their intake of restrictive nutrients such as sodium,fat,trans fatty acids,sugar,and increase their intake of recommended nutrients/foods such as protein and whole grains. Compared with foreign nutrition labels,China nutrition labels have fewer types,smaller scope of application and unscientific nutrition evaluation standards. It is advisable to promote the application of front of package(FOP)labels in fresh plant-derived foods,construct the evaluation standard for the overall nutritional value of processed plant-derived foods,design and release the FOP labeling certified vegan recipes which are suitable for China,and implement the electronic nutrition labeling,to provide precise nutrition support for plant-based diet.