分析无偿献血者发生献血不良反应的原因及预防处理措施

The analysis of the causes of adverse reactions of unpaid blood donators and preventive measures

目的探讨无偿献血者不良反应的发生原因并提出相应预防处理措施.方法回顾性分析天津市血液中心2019年5月-2021年5月期间1664例捐献全血的献血不良反应者资料、不良反应表现及原因.结果献血不良反应按反应程度分析,以轻度不良反应为主(99.46%),少见中度不良反应(0.48%),极少见重度不良反应(0.06%).按反应类型分析,其主要症状包括头痛/头晕/一过性眩晕、心悸、胃肠不适、血肿、四肢麻木、意识障碍、休克等.献血不良反应诱因包括紧张、疲劳、空腹、穿刺、晕针晕血、环境因素及其他.不良反应经及时处理后均在5-30min逐渐恢复,未见严重后果.结论无偿献血不良反应以轻度不良反应为主,其诱因较多,应当从环境、采血者操作、献血者健康教育及心理安慰等方面着手预防.

Objective To explore the causes of adverse reactions in umpaid blood donors and put forward corresponding prevention and treatment measures.Methods The data,manifestations and causes of adverse reactions of 1664 blood donors who donated whole blod in Tianjin blood center from May 2019 to May 2021 were analyzed rerospectively.Results According to the analysis of reaction degreethe main adverse reactions of blood donation were mild adverse reactions(99.46%).rare moderale adverse reactions(0.48%),and very rare severe adverse reactions(0.06%).According to the type of reaction,he main symptoms include headache/dizzines/ransient vertigo,palpi tation,gastrointestinal discomnfor,hematoma,limb numbness,disturbance of consciousness,shock,ete.The inducements of adverse reactions of blood donation include tesoifaigge,astingpuneture,needle fainting,blood fainting,environnental factors and othersThe adverse.reactions recovered gradually within 5-30min after timely treatment,and no serious consequences were found.Conclusion The main adverse reactions of unpaid blood donation are mild adverse react ions,which have many inducements.Prevention should be earried out frmm the aspects of environmentblood ollctor operatio,bood donor healh education and psychological comfort.