“十三五”期间辽宁省职业病发病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of occupational diseases in Liaoning Province during“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”

目的分析辽宁省“十三五”期间职业病发病趋势及规律,为“十四五”期间职业病防治规划提供依据。方法通过职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统,收集“十三五”期间职业病发病的数量、病种、地区和行业分布等相关数据,并统计分析。结果辽宁省“十三五”期间新发职业病为4813例,其中职业性尘肺病4311例(89.6%),职业性化学中毒189例(3.9%),物理因素所致职业病103例(2.1%);主要分布在葫芦岛(3574例,74.3%)、沈阳(220例,4.6%)和大连(182例,3.8%)。结论“十三五”期间职业病发病呈下降趋势,但防治形势依然严峻,“十四五”期间应重点防治职业性尘肺病与职业性化学中毒同时也应针对其他新发职业病采取防治措施,也要有不断加强对有色金属和煤炭开采及洗选业、制造业等职业病危害风险较高行业的监管,加大对小型和私有企业的职业病防控力度。

Objective To analyze the incidence trend and rules of occupational diseases in Liaoning Province during the“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”,provide a basis for the formulation of the prevention and control plan of occupational diseases in“fourteenth Five-Year Plan”.Methods Through the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system,the relevant data of the incidence of occupational diseases during the"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan"were collected for statistical analysis,which included the number of occupational diseases,disease types,regional and industry distribution.Results There were 4813 new occupational diseases in Liaoning Province during“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”.Among these cases,there were 4311 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis(89.6%),189 cases of occupational chemical poisoning(3.9%),and 103 cases of occupational diseases caused by physical factors(2.1%).The cases mainly distributed in Huludao(3574 cases,74.3%),Shenyang(220 cases,4.6%),and Dalian(182 cases,3.8%).Conclusions Although the incidence of occupational diseases has decreased during the"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan",the prevention and control situation is still serious.Besides focusing on the prevention and control of occupational pneumoconiosis and chemical poisoning,it is also necessary to specifically prevent the other new occupational diseases,continue to strengthen the supervision of industries with a higher risk of occupational disease hazards,such as nonferrous metals and coal mining and processing,and manufacturing,and strengthen the prevention and control of occupational diseases in small and private enterprises.