内科护士共情疲劳在其心理资本与患者安全态度间的中介作用

Mediating effect of empathy fatigue on psychological capital and patients safety attitude of internal medicine nurses

目的评估内科护士的患者安全态度、共情疲劳与心理资本之间的关系。方法2021年1—2月,采用便利抽样法,选用护士心理资本量表、患者安全态度量表和护士专业生活品质量表,在岳阳市2所综合医院共选取了266位内科护士进行问卷调查。结果护士的患者安全态度得分为(118.35±17.06)分,护士心理资本得分为(90.53±15.70)分,护士共情疲劳得分为(87.41±9.88)分。共情疲劳的积极面同情心满足与患者安全态度、护士心理资本呈正相关;共情疲劳症状包括工作倦怠和二次创伤应激反应与患者安全态度、护士心理资本呈负相关(均P<0.05);两者在患者安全态度和护士心理资本间存在部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的57.5%。结论临床护理管理者要多关心护士的心理情况,可以通过对护士心理资本水平的评估和改善,从而降低共情疲劳的消极面,增强共情疲劳的积极面,促进护士对于患者安全态度的提升。

Objective To evaluate the relationship between patient safety attitude,empathy fatigue and psychological capital of internal medicine nurses.Methods From January to February in 2021,266 internal medicine nurses were selected from two general hospitals in Yueyang City by convenience sampling,and investigated with the nurse psychological capital scale,patient safety attitude scale and nurse professional quality of life scale.Results The score of patient safety attitude of nurses was(118.35±17.06)points,the score of psychological capital of nurses was(90.53±15.70)points,and the score of empathy fatigue of nurses was(87.41±9.88)points.The positive empathy satisfaction of empathy fatigue was positively correlated with patient safety attitude and nurse psychological capital,and the empathy fatigue symptoms,including job burnout and secondary trauma stress response,were negatively correlated with patient safety attitude and nurse psychological capital(all P<0.05).There was a partial mediating effect between patient safety attitude and nurse psychological capital,and the mediating effect accounted for 57.5%of the total effect.Conclusion The clinical nursing administrators should pay more attention to the psychological situation of nurses,which can reduce the negative side of empathy fatigue,enhance the positive side of empathy fatigue and promote the improvement of nurses’attitude towards patient safety through the evaluation and improvement of nurses’psychological capital level.