食管癌的靶向治疗及免疫治疗

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy of esophageal cancer

食管癌是一种复杂的消化系统恶性肿瘤, 目前针对非手术食管癌患者放化疗的研究已达瓶颈。近年来, 随着对肿瘤信号通路相关靶点和免疫治疗的深入研究, 肿瘤的治疗手段越来越多元化。目前研究表明, 多种基因靶点以及免疫受体与食管癌相关, 包括表皮生长因子受体、血管内皮生长因子、人表皮生长因子受体-2、程序性死亡蛋白1/程序性死亡蛋白配体1等, 此外肿瘤疫苗和过继性细胞治疗也在研究中, 这些因素将有助于实现食管癌的个体化及精准化治疗, 提高生存率及局部控制率。

Esophageal cancer is a complex digestive tract cancer.Currently,the study of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for non-surgical esophageal cancer has reached the bottleneck.In recent years,with the in-depth study of tumor signal pathway related targets and immunotherapy,tumor treatment methods are becoming more and more diversified.At present,research shows that a variety of gene targets and immune receptors are related to esophageal cancer,including epidermal growth factor receptor,vascular endothelial growth factor,human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1,etc.In addition,tumor vaccine and adoptive cell therapy are also being studied.These factors contribute to the individualized and accurate treatment of esophageal cancer and improve survival rate and local control rate.