再论两束平行平面光的干涉

REDISCUSS OPTICAL INTERFERENCE OF DOUBLE PARALLEL PLANE BEAMS

依据波动光学的原理,重新分析与讨论了双光束平行平面波在给定观测屏上的干涉现象及条纹分布规律;尤其针对现行教材已有结论,推导了平行条纹的合成间隔与空间频率公式;同时指出并证明了在坐标系绕观察屏法向作定轴转动时存在一个转动不变量;并更进一步分析与讨论了空间三维干涉场等光强面的类似的分布规律与不变量;指出这些结论对于光学教学研究与光栅制作的可能应用与参考意义。

According to optical wave theory,the interference phenomenon and the distribution laws of fringes of two parallel plane waves on the measuring screen are analyzed and rediscussed.Especially,according to the existing conclusions in the current textbooks,the formulae of resultant interval of neighboring fringes and space frequency are derived in two ways.At the same time,it is pointed out and proved that there is a rotation invariant when the coordinate system rotates around the normal axis of the observation screen.Furthermore,the distribution laws of equal-strength planes in three-dimensional interference field are analyzed and discussed.The possible application and reference function of these conclusions in teaching and researching activities are pointed out.