大蒜种质资源鉴定评价及优异种质筛选

Identification and Evaluation of Garlic Germplasm Resources and Screening of Excellent Germplasm

为了对湖北地区大蒜种质资源进行鉴定评价,筛选综合性状表现优良的大蒜种质,对81份湖北省大蒜地方资源和19份国内外引进的种质资源进行了农艺性状、产量和部分营养指标分析和评价。试验结果表明,大蒜不同生长时期23个数量性状的变异系数为9.466%~52.619%,13个质量性状的多样性指数在0~1.079之间。综合分析各项性状指标,筛选出适宜南方地区青蒜生产的优异大蒜资源6份:彭州大蒜1号、二月早、12-7D-917脱毒大蒜、彭州大蒜2号、二水早、品11;适宜蒜薹生产的优异大蒜资源5份:彭州大蒜1号、二月早、彭州大蒜2号、二水早、房县大蒜;适宜蒜头生产的优异大蒜资源8份:五峰红蒜、南漳大蒜、老蒜、14-7DS脱毒大蒜、六月蒜、百合蒜、五峰紫皮蒜、莫桑比克3号。并进一步筛选出VC含量较高的大蒜资源1份:五峰红蒜;大蒜素含量较高的优良大蒜资源2份:南漳大蒜、二月早。

In order to identify and evaluate garlic germplasm resources in Hubei region and screen garlic germplasm with excellent comprehensive performance,this experiment conducted analysis and evaluation on agronomic characters,yields and partial nutritional indexes of 81 local garlic resources in Hubei Province and 19 germplasm resources introduced from abroad and within China.The results showed that the variable coefficient of 23 quantitative characters in different garlic growth stages was 9.466%-52.619%,and diversity index of 13 quality characters was between 0-1.079.On the basis of comprehensively analyzing various character indexes,we screened 6 excellent garlic resources suitable for garlic sprouts production in southern areas,including‘Pengzhoudasuan No.1’‘Eryuezao’‘12-7D-917 tuodudasuan’‘Pengzhoudasuan No.2’‘Ershuizao’‘Pin 11’;5 superior garlic resources suitable for garlic bolt production including‘Pengzhoudasuan No.1’‘Eryuezao’‘Pengzhoudasuan No.2’‘Ershuizao’‘Fangxiandasuan’;and 8 high quality garlic resources suitable for garlic head production including‘Wufenghongsuan’‘Nanzhangdasuan’‘Laosuan’‘14-7DS tuodudasuan’‘Liuyuesuan’‘Baihesuan’‘Wufengzipisuan’‘Mosangbike No.3’.Besides,we further screened 1 garlic resource with higher VC content,namely‘Wufenghongsuan’and 2 garlic resources resources with higher excellent allicin content including‘Nanzhangdasuan’and‘Eryuezao’.