卒中后痴呆的发病率、患病率和危险因素

Incidence, prevalence and risk factors of post-stroke dementia

卒中后痴呆(post-stroke dementia,PSD)包括卒中后发生的所有类型痴呆,可能是脑血管病变、阿尔茨海默病变和脑白质改变累积效应的结果。PSD的发病率和患病率很高,其危险因素主要是血管危险因素,例如高血压、心房颤动和糖尿病;其他危险因素还包括脑小血管病影像学表型,例如脑白质高信号、脑微出血、脑萎缩等。PSD的临床评价应在卒中发病后至少3~6个月时进行。对PSD的预防应着眼于控制血管危险因素和预防卒中。

Post-stroke dementia(PSD)includes all types of dementia after stroke,which may be the result of cumulative effects of cerebrovascular disease,Alzheimer's disease,and white matter changes.The incidence and prevalence of PSD are high.Its risk factors are mainly vascular risk factors,such as hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and diabetes.Other risk factors also include various imaging phenotypes of cerebrovascular disease,such as white matter hyperintensities,cerebral microbleeds,and brain atrophy.The clinical evaluation of PSD should be conducted at least 3-6 months after the onset of stroke.The prevention of PSD should focus on controlling vascular risk factors and preventing stroke.