γ-谷氨酰转肽酶在骨质破坏相关疾病中的研究进展

Advances in research of Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and bone destruction related diseases

γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)是谷胱甘肽代谢过程中的重要酶类。多年来,GGT最常用于肝胆疾病的诊断或治疗评价。研究表明,GGT的酶活性是调节细胞及其周围环境氧化还原平衡的关键因素。GGT催化GSH分解反应过程产生的大量氧自由基增加了内源性活性氧含量,从而参与氧化应激与炎症反应过程。因此,近年来对GGT的关注重点逐渐拓展到骨质破坏,包括骨质疏松、骨营养不良、骨性关节炎等方面。被认为是患病风险评估、病情活动度判断及预后评价的重要参考。本文综述了GGT的自身特性及其在骨破坏相关疾病发生发展中的意义,为临床诊实践提供借鉴。

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT)is an essential enzyme in glutathione metabolism,which is mainly produced by the liver,excreted through the biliary tract and widely ditributed in many tissues and organs throughout the body.For many years,GGT has been used as diagnosis and treatment evaluation in extensive diseases.Studies have shown that GGT is a key factor in regulating the oxidation-reduction balance of cells and their surrounding environment.The large amount of oxygen free radicals generated in the GSH decomposition reaction catalyzed by GGT increased the content of endogenous reactive oxygen species,thus participated in the process of oxidative stress and inflammation.In recent years,research about GGT has gradually expanded to bone destruction related diseases,including osteoporosis,bone malnutrition,osteoarthritis and other aspects.Also included cardiovascular,respiratory,metabolic,tumor,immune and other diseases,which is considered as an important reference for risk assessment,disease activity judgment and prognosis evaluation.The role of GGT in the body is more complex than our current cognition,and the pathways involved in different diseases may not be limited to oxidative stress or metabolic abnormalities,which still need more indepth research.GGT is easy detect clinically and can be used as a reference for evaluation and prognosis of specific diseases.GGT inhibitors significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts in vitro and the degree of bone erosion in arthritic mice.These results suggest that GGT inhibitors or antagonists may be a novel therapeutic agent for alleviating PsA joint symptoms.This paper reviews the characteristics of GGT and its significance in the occurrence and development of various diseases,providing reference for clinical practice.