国际移民流入、中间品进口与东道国生产率提高

International Immigration Inflow,Imports of Intermediate Goods and the Improvement of Host Countries’Productivity

本文使用1990—2015年全球121个国家(地区)的数据,深入考察了国际移民流入规模和流入多样性对东道国生产率的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明:从整体上来看,国际移民流入规模和流入多样性对东道国生产率都产生了显著的促进作用,与低技能移民相比,高技能移民流入对东道国生产率的促进作用更大;国际移民流入规模主要通过影响中间品进口规模显著提高东道国的生产率,国际移民流入多样性主要通过影响中间品进口规模、进口质量显著提高东道国的生产率,国际移民流入主要通过影响差异化中间品进口促进东道国生产率的提高;两国之间的文化差异越大,国际移民流入对东道国生产率的促进作用越大。

Using the data of 121 countries(regions)in the world from 1990 to 2015,this paper investigates the effects of the scale and diversity of international immigration inflow on host countries’productivity and the mechanism of action.The results show that:Overall,both the scale and diversity of international immigration inflow have a significant positive impact on host countries’productivity.Specifically,compared with low-skilled immigrants,the inflow of high-skilled immigrants exhibits a more significant positive effect on host countries’productivity.The scale of international immigration inflow significantly increases host countries’productivity by affecting the import scale of intermediate goods,while the diversity of international immigration inflow has a significant positive impact on host countries’productivity by affecting the import scale and quality of intermediate goods.International immigration inflow increases host countries’productivity by affecting imports of differentiated intermediate goods.The greater the cultural or genetic difference between the two countries,the more significant the positive impact of international immigration inflow on the host country’s productivity.