人参皂苷Rh2和Rg3对胃癌细胞增殖和侵袭的影响

Effects of Ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3 on the Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rh2和Rg3在免疫微环境中通过调节程序性死亡蛋白配体1(PD-L1)对胃癌细胞增殖和侵袭的影响。方法:将胃癌细胞MGC-803分为三组,即对照组、Rh2+Rg3组(采用40μg/mL混合有人参皂苷Rh2和Rg3的培养基)和Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1组(将转染PD-L1载体质粒以3×10^(3)的密度经过质量浓度为40μg/mL的人参皂苷Rh2和Rg3处理)。采用定量反转录聚合酶链反应和蛋白质印迹法检测PD-L1的表达;采用Annexin-V检测胃癌细胞MGC-803的凋亡情况;采用EdU方法检测胃癌细胞MGC-803的增殖情况;采用Transwell检测胃癌细胞MGC-803的迁移和侵袭情况。结果:Rh2+Rg3组的PD-L1 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平明显低于对照组,Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1组的PD-L1 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平明显高于Rh2+Rg3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Rh2+Rg3组的细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组,Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1组的细胞凋亡率明显低于Rh2+Rg3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Rh2+Rg3组的细胞克隆数量明显低于对照组,Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1组的细胞克隆数量明显高于Rh2+Rg3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Rh2+Rg3组的细胞增殖能力明显低于对照组,Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1的细胞增殖能力明显高于Rh2+Rg3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Rh2+Rg3组的迁移细胞数和侵袭细胞数明显少于对照组,Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1组的迁移细胞数和侵袭细胞数明显多于Rh2+Rg3组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:人参皂苷Rh2和Rg3通过调节PD-L1的表达抑制胃癌肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects of ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3 on the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through regulating programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)in the immune microenvironment. METHODS: Gastric cancer cells MGC-803 were divided into three groups, including control group, Rh2+Rg3 group(treated with 40 μg/mL ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3) and Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group(transfected PD-L1 carrier vector was treated with 40 μg/mL ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3 at a density of 3×10^(3)). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of PD-L1;Annexin-V was used to detect the apoptosis of MGC-803;EdU method was used to detect the proliferation of gastric cancer cells MGC-803;Transwell was used to detect the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells MGC-803. RESULTS: The expression levels of PD-L1 mRNA and protein of the Rh2+Rg3 group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the expression levels of PD-L1 mRNA and protein of the Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group were significantly higher than those of the Rh2+Rg3 group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The cell apoptosis rate of the Rh2+Rg3 group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the cell apoptosis rate of the Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group was significantly lower than that of the Rh2+Rg3 group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The number of cell clones of the Rh2+Rg3 group was significantly less than that of the control group, and the number of cell clones of the Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group was significantly more than that of the Rh2+Rg3 group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The cell reproductive capacity of the Rh2+Rg3 group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the cell reproductive capacity of the Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group was significantly higher than that of the Rh2+Rg3 group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The number of migrating and invading cells of the Rh2+Rg3 group was significantly less than that of the control group, and the number of migrating and invading cells of the Rh2+Rg3+PD-L1 group was significantly more than that of the Rh2+Rg3 group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ginsenosides Rh2 and Rg3 can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by regulating the expression of PD-L1.