基于测试数据的蔗渣锅炉能量分析及能效提升措施

Energy analysis and energy efficiency improvement strategies of bagasse boiler based on test data

目前蔗渣锅炉存在服役年限较长、燃烧不充分、效率低下、燃料浪费严重以及污染物排放高等问题,对其原因分析欠缺大量现场数据。为了解决这一问题,本文对121台蔗渣锅炉进行能效测试,得出锅炉热效率达到标准限定值和目标值的数量分别仅占51.24%和0.83%;热损失最大的排烟热损失达10%,其中所含水分的热损失占到将近1/4;二氧化碳排放量平均值达到131.54kg/GJ。深入分析各影响因素与热效率的关系,得出了主要影响因素为烟气温度、过量空气系数和飞灰含碳量。并针对这些因素提出了能效提升措施。若能效均能达到限定值或目标值,每年的蔗渣消耗量将分别减少157kt或568kt,二氧化碳排放量将分别减少160kt或522kt,其他污染物排放同样会减少,推及到全国的蔗渣锅炉,节能减排潜力更巨大。

At present, bagasse boiler has many problems, such as long service life, insufficient combustion, low efficiency, serious fuel waste and high pollutant emission. There is a lack of large amount of field test data to analyze the reasons. In order to solve this problem, the energy efficiency of 121 bagasse boilers was tested. The results show that the number of boiler thermal efficiency reaching the standard limit value and target value accounts for only 51.24% and 0.83%, respectively. The heat loss of flue gas is up to 10%, among which the heat loss of moisture accounts for nearly 1/4. The average carbon dioxide emission reaches 131.54kg/GJ. The main influencing factors are flue gas temperature, excess air coefficient and carbon content of fly ash. In view of these factors, measures to improve energy efficiency are proposed. If the energy efficiency can reach the limit value or the target value, the annual bagasse consumption will be reduced by 157kt or 568kt, the carbon dioxide emission will be reduced by 160kt or 522kt, and the emission of other pollutants will also be reduced. When applied to the bagasse boilers nationwide, the energy saving and emission reduction potential will be greater.