“技术生态”概念的基本内涵研究

Research on the Basic Connotation of the Concept of“Technological Ecology”

技术哲学语境下的“技术生态”概念的形成主要有两个背景:技术建构论自身的缺陷与当代技术社会发展的生态化趋势要求技术观作出新转变;在学科交叉背景下,生态学为技术哲学研究提供了新的思路与方法。技术生态是对技术体系内部或外部各层次、各要素之间在共同演化过程中所形成的联动关系的一种形容与描述方式,其早期形态可追溯至新石器时代的组合工具。技术生态的判定标准有两条:至少由两种功能不同的技术构成,且技术之间要具有互补关系;技术之间能够产生协同效应。技术生态的基本结构分为由技术间互动构成的内部生态和技术与环境互动构成的外部生态。在一定意义上说,技术生态论是一门“关系”哲学,它强调社会与技术之间、不同技术体系之间的依存性、共生性与和谐性,追求发展过程的科学性、协调性与可持续性。

There are two main backgrounds for the formation of the concept of“technological ecology”:defects of social constructivism of technology and the ecological trend of contemporary society’s technological development require a new view of technology;under the background of interdisciplinary,ecology provides ideas and methods for the philosophy of technology.The internal or external elements of the technology system will form a linkage relationship in the process of co-evolution.Technological ecology is a way to describe this linkage relationship,and its early form can be traced back to the combined tools of the Neolithic age.There are two criteria for determining technological ecology:it is composed of at least two technologies with different functions,and there should be a complementary relationship between technologies;there can be synergies between technologies.The basic structure of technological ecology is divided into internal ecology composed of interaction among different technologies and external ecology composed of interaction between technology and environment.In a certain sense,the theory of technological ecology is a“relationship”philosophy,which emphasizes the interdependence,symbiosis,and harmony between society and technology and between technologies,and pursues the scientificity,coordination and sustainability of technological development process.