国际高等教育数字化转型和中国实施路径

Digital Transformation of International Higher Education and Implementation Path in China

高等教育亟需数字化转型。高等教育数字化转型通过文化转型、劳动力转型和技术转型,优化和转变高等教育机构的运营模式、战略方向和价值主张。我国高等教育数字化转型还处于发展初期,理论层面存在概念理解不一、数字化转型目标和阶段理解模糊等问题;实践层面存在系统的战略规划、有效的模型框架、科学的评估指标和可行的实施路径缺乏等问题。本文从数字化生态系统模型的视角,采用文本分析和数字化转型模型构建方法,按照“理解数字化转型——规划数字化转型——实施数字化转型”的思路,阐明高等教育数字化转型的基本原理、战略规划和推进路径,提出推进中国高等教育数字化转型的建议,即加强顶层设计和整体规划,制定高等教育数字化转型的模型框架;营造基于数据的教育决策文化氛围,构建高等教育数字化转型的文化转型生态;提升师生数字素养与培育首席数据官,构筑高等教育数字化转型的劳动力转型基础;建立一体化高等教育数字化转型服务生态体系,夯实高等教育数字化转型的技术转型基础。

Higher education urgently needs digital transformation.The digital transformation of higher education optimizes and transforms the operation mode,strategic direction,and value proposition of higher education institutions through the continuous transformation of cultural transformation,labor transformation,and technological transformation.The digital transformation of higher education in China is still in the early stage of development,and there are problems in the theoretical level,such as different understanding of concepts,vague understanding of the objectives and stages of digital transformation,etc.At the practical level,there are some problems,too,such as the lack of systematic strategic planning,effective model framework,scientific evaluation indicators,and feasible implementation path.What is the basic principle of digital transformation of higher education?How to scientifically formulate the strategic plan for the digital transformation of higher education?How to effectively promote the digital transformation of higher education?Therefore,from the perspective of digital ecosystem model,using text analysis method and digital transformation model construction method,and according to the logical idea of"Understanding Digital TransformationPlanning digital transformation-implementing digital transformation",this paper systematically explores the basic principles,strategic planning and implementation path of digital transformation of higher education,and innovatively put forward some suggestions to promote the digital transformation of China’s higher education,that is,strengthen top-level design and overall planning,and formulate the model framework of digital transformation of higher education;create a cultural atmosphere of educational decision-making based on data and build a cultural transformation ecology of digital transformation of higher education;improve the digital literacy of teachers and students,cultivate the chief data officer,and cultivate the labor force transformation foundation for the digital transformation of higher education;build an integrated service ecosystem for digital transformation of higher education,and consolidate the technological transformation base of digital transformation of higher education.