疣鼻天鹅幼雏球虫及大肠杆菌混合感染的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and Treatment of Coccidia and Escherichia coli Mixed Infections in Muteus swans

球虫病是由艾美耳属的球虫寄生在动物消化道内引发的一种传染性寄生虫病。球虫通常寄生在动物的空肠、回肠和盲肠部位,引起消化机能紊乱,使其不能正常吸收营养物质,导致机体抵抗能力下降、生长缓慢,增加大肠杆菌致病力,造成混合感染,从而加重病情。球虫病在天津市动物园的水禽幼雏群体中属于高发疾病,尤其是在雨季。定期投喂抗寄生虫药物是预防球虫病的一种重要方式。天津市动物园水禽幼雏通常和母体一起饲养,混合有预防药物的饲料摄入量较少,无法达到预防效果,需捕捉后单独饲喂。2019年夏季,球虫首次引起天津市动物园疣鼻天鹅幼雏群体发病,造成部分幼雏死亡。经分析,幼雏死亡原因为球虫及大肠杆菌混合感染,这和天津市动物园水禽湖饲养的动物种类过多、饲养密度过大有很大的关系。

Coccidiosis is an infectious parasitic disease caused by coccidia of the genus Eimeria parasitizing the digestive tract of animals.Coccidia are usually parasitic in the jejunum,ileum and cecum of animals,which can cause digestive disorders and can not absorb nutrients normally,resulting in decreased body resistance,slow growth,and even death.The decreased immunity of animals caused by coccidiosis often increases the incidence of Escherichia coli,resulting in mixed infection,thereby aggravating the disease.Coccidiosis is a high incidence disease among waterfowl chicks in Tianjin Zoo,especially in the rainy season.Regular feeding of antiparasitic drugs is an important way to prevent coccidiosis.In our zoo,waterfowl chicks are usually raised together with their mothers,so they intake a small amont of feed mixed with preventive drugs,which could not achieve the preventive effect.They need to be fed separately after catching.In the summer of 2019,coccidia caused the disease of mute swan chicks in our zoo firstly,causing some of the chicks to die.After analysis,the cause of death of young chicks was coccidia and Escherichia coli mixed infection,which has a lot to do with the excessive variety of animals raised in the waterfowl lake and the high stocking density in our zoo.